{"data":{"fields":"term_definition","term_definition":"<div class=\"definition\">The name \"Cemented Carbide\" was created in the early 1930's to describe a material that was a composite of tungsten carbide (WC) particles held together by cobalt (Co) metal. The material was produced using powder metallurgy techniques as compared to more conventional pyrometallurgical techniques which involved melting the material and casting it into molds. Cemented carbides are produced by mixing various metal carbides such as tungsten carbide, tantalum carbide, vanadium carbide, niobium carbide, chromium carbide, molybdenum carbide and\/or tungsten\/ titanium carbide with a binder material which is usually cobalt but can be nickel or a combination of nickel and cobalt. This mixture is generally held together by some type of organic binder and formed into a desired shape. After the forming operation, the material is sintered in a furnace. The sintering process melts the binder material around the carbide particles. In the process of sintering, the material shrinks volumetrically about 43%. After sintering, the material is generally ground to the final dimensions before being placed into service. Cemented carbide products have excellent mechanical and physical properties which are:\r\nAbrasion Resistance - Carbide's exceptional resistance to abrasion is its most important property. In abrasive applications, carbides can outlast some wear-resistant steel alloys by a factor of 100 to 1.\r\nDeflection Resistance - Cemented carbides have a high modulus of elasticity that provides minimum deflection when exposed to bending forces. Carides have a modulus of elasticity which is three times higher than the one steel.\r\nCorrosion Resistance - Since carbides are generally chemically inert (considering binding material as a factor), they can be used with success in many chemical and corrosive environments.\r\nTorsional Strength - With a torsion modulus twice that of high-speed steel, carbide is the preferred material for rotating applications.\r\nCompressive Strength - Some grades of carbide with cobalt binder perform flawlessly under ultrahigh\r\ncompression, and have been used very successfully in pressure applications at up to one million psi.\r\nToughness - Carbide grades with higher binder contents have excellent resistance to impact.\r\nLow Temperature Wear Resistance - Even at cryogenic temperatures as low as -453\u00b0F, carbides retain good wear resistance, and offer a relatively low coefficient of friction where lubricants cannot be used.\r\nHigh Temperature Wear Resistance - At 1000\u00b0F, carbides still maintain over 90% hardness. Certain grades can even retain significant strength at 2000\u00b0F (higher at intermittent temperatures).<\/div>"}}